Everything about Upper New York Bay totally explained
Upper New York Bay, sometimes called
Upper New York Harbor or the
Upper Bay, is the northern area of
New York Harbor inside
The Narrows. It is enclosed by
Manhattan,
Long Island, mainland
New Jersey and
Staten Island.
It is fed by the waters of the
Hudson River (historically called the
North River as it passes
Manhattan), as well as the
Gowanus Canal. It is connected to
Lower New York Bay by the Narrows, to
Newark Bay by the
Kill Van Kull, and to
Long Island Sound by the
East River, which despite the name, is actually a tidal
strait.
It provides the main passage for the waters of the Hudson River as it empties through the Narrows. The channel of the Hudson as it passes through the harbor is called the
Anchorage Channel and is approximately 50 feet deep in the mid point of the harbor.
It contains several islands including
Governors Island, near the mouth of the East River, as well
Ellis Island,
Liberty Island, and
Robbins Reef which are supported by a large underwater reef on the
New Jersey side of the harbor. The reef was historically one of the largest
oyster beds in the world and provided a staple for the diet of all classes of citizens of
New York City until the end of the 19th century, when the beds succumbed to pollution.
Historically it has played an extremely important role in the commerce of New York City. Entering the Upper Bay by a passenger ship provides for the first glimpse of the
Statue of Liberty and became the hallmark image representing the immigrant experience during the late
19th and early
20th century.
Since the 1950s,
container ship traffic has been primarily routed through the Kill Van Kull to
Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal, where it's consolidated for easier automated transfer to land conveyance. As a consequence, the waterfront industries of the Upper Bay experienced a decline leading to diverse plans for revitalization. In recent years, it has become a popular site for recreation sailing and
kayaking.
The harbor is traversed by the
Staten Island Ferry, which runs between Whitehall Street at the southernmost tip of
Manhattan near
Battery Park (
South Ferry) and
St. George Ferry Terminal on Richmond Terrace in
Staten Island near Richmond County Borough Hall and Richmond County Supreme Court.
A common misconception holds that the Upper Bay is devoid of marine life. It actually supports a very diverse population of marine species and recreation fishing, most commonly for striped bass.
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